LEVINSON Evgeny Adolfovich (1894-1968, Leningrad), architect and artist, Associate of the Academy of Architecture of the USSR (from 1941), Doctor of Architecture (1946). He studied at Civil Engineers' Institute (1915-1916), and graduated from the Academy of Arts (1924-1927). In the early 1920s, he worked as a stage designer in Odessa. His architectural activity is mainly connected with Leningrad. He followed the norms of constructivism in his early works, such as the building of the preventorium (32 Elizarova Avenue, 1928-1930, together with L.V. Rudnev, I.I. Fomin et al.), residential houses at 55 Kamennoostrovsky Avenue (1929-1930, together with A.M. Sokolov) and 20 Pesochnaya Embankment (1930-36). The forms of the late constructivism can be seen in the first apartment house of Leningrad Soviet (13 Karpovka River Embankment; 1931-35, together with Fomin), which is characterized by the dynamics and sculptural expression of curved and right-angled dimensions, Leningrad Soviet Recreation Centre (42 Kamennoostrovsky Avenue; 1931-1938, together with V.O. Munz) and the House of Light Industry (44-46 Voznesensky Avenue; 1932-1935, together with Fomin) which has ornamental details of the facades a la Art Deco. Since the mid-1930s Levinson was involved in the modernization of the city's classical heritage, thus contributing to the establishment of his original Neoclassical style. The dominating point in the buildings of Nevsky District Soviet (163 Obukhovskoy Oborony Avenue, 1936-1939), buildings on Ivanovskaya Street (1937-1940), residential-houses at 8 Petrovskaya Embankment (1938-1940) as well as 145 and 147 Moskovsky Avenue (1938-1940, all of them built together with Fomin et al.) is constituted by the rows of high pylons which accentuate the monumental and large-scale character of the composition. In the 1940s, he took part in the building up of Magnitogorsk, built residential houses in Moscow as well as blocks of low buildings on Krupskoy Street in Leningrad. His post-war works consists of enhancing the retrospective character and ornamentation, such as the apartment house on 1/12 Pestelya Street (1947-1949), the Railway Station in Pushkin (1948-1950; Stalin Award of 1951), Avtovo Metro Station (1950-1955, all of them built together with A.A. Grushke). At that time Levinson paid special attention to the synthesis of arts. His turn to the integrating lapidary forms can be seen in the ensemble of Piskarevskoe Memorial Cemetery (1955-1960, together with A.V. Vasilyev, sculptors V.V. Isaeva, R.K. Taurit et al.). The last stage of his works is represented by neo-constructivist forms, revealed in his return to a strict functionality and laconicism of clear-cut three-dimensional compositions: Sovetskaya Hotel (43/1 Lermontovsky Avenue, 1963-1968), Nevsky Recreation Centre (32 Obukhovskoy Oborony Avenue, 1968-72) etc. Based on the methods of industrial house-building Levinson directed the development of residential blocks in Nevsky District. He also taught at the Leningrad Institute of Municipal Building - Leningrad Building Engineering Institute (1940-46), and was also in charge of a workshop in the Academy of Arts (1941-68; professor from 1947). He lived at 55 Kamennoostrovsky Avenue (1931-68; memorial plaque). He was buried at Serafimovskoe Cemetery.

References: Оль Г. А., Левинсон Е. Э. Евгений Левинсон. Л., 1976.

B. М. Kirikov.

13 February. The well-known environmentalist, phenolog Ivan Nikolayevich Balbyshev published in the newspaper "Forward" his first article.

22 April. Monument to the leader of the Revolution V.I. Lenin (designed by the sculptor Z.M. Azgur and the architect E.A. Levinson) was unveiled on the day of the 90th anniversary of the birth of V.I. Lenin on Central Square, on the place of the destroyed cathedral. The foundation works were made by workers of the building company UNR-53.

8 May. Monument to Ernst Thalmann, a German communist anti-fascist, (designed by the sculptor Walter Arnoldt) was ceremonially unveiled. His daughter Rosa Thalman was present at the opening. Monument was presented by metallurgy workers of Aisleben Town in the memory of the monument to V.I. Lenin preserved by Geman antifascists that took from Pushkin Town for the smelting in Germany during WWII.

The amount of the building works in the Pushkin district was 45,300 square metres of new living space and 5,800 square metres of restored living space , including organizations. Builders of the building companies UNR-53, UNR-28 and the Puskin reconstruction trust fulfilled the big part of this work. 2,500 trees were planted in the district. The clinic began to work in Moskovskaya Street.

1,840 people were registered as members of the District Voluntary People Partol consisting of workers, employees, labour veterans.

1 September. Two new boarding-schools and three secondary schools, for 2,240 pupils in all, were opened in the district.

250,000 people visited the Catherine Palace -Museum, 55,000 people had a rest at the day rest centre, 150,000 visitors were in the parks of Puskin Town and Pavlovsk Town on some days.

Workers of the sovkhoz "Detskoselsky" achieved the great production result, they gathered 258 centners (25,800 kilogrammes) of vegetables from each hectare and supplied 74,020 centners of vegetables for year. Arnold, Walter
Azgur, Z.I.
Balbyshev, Ivan Nikolayevich
Levinson Evgeny Adolfovich