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hidden Persons of Tsarskoye Selo -
hidden Monuments of history and culture | Benois Alexander Nikolaevich hidden Benois А.N., (1870-1960), artist | |
BENOIS Alexander Nikolaevich (1870, St. Petersburg – 1960), painter, graphic artist, stage designer, art historian and critic. Son of N. L. Benois. He studied in K. I ... | | BENOIS Alexander Nikolaevich (1870, St. Petersburg – 1960), painter, graphic artist, stage designer, art historian and critic. Son of N. L. Benois. He studied in K. I. May’s Gymnasium in 1885-90 and at the Faculty of Law in Petersburg University in 1890-94. He also studied painting under his brother Albert N. Benois. He worked in France from 1896 to1898 and 1905 to 1907. He was one of the major founders and ideologists of the association and magazine, World of Art. He founded and edited Russia’s Art Treasures, a monthly magazine, in 1901-03 and wrote for Starye Gody in 1907-1913. He also contributed to Rech Newspaper by keeping a weekly critical column, Belles Letters, in 1908-17. He was the author of the following books: The History of the Russian Painting in the 19th Century written in St. Petersburg in 1902, ten issues of The Russian Painting School written in St. Petersburg in 1904-06, and four volumes of The History of Painting of All Times and Peoples, written in St. Petersburg in 1912-17, the latter published incompletely. In his paintings, he derived inspiration from history and folklore drawing on stories from the 18th and the first quarter of the 19th centuries. He created a series of gouaches devoted to Russian history, where the bygone culture of the nobility was ironically idealised, such as Parade under Pavel I painted in 1907 and Peter the Great Walking in the Summer Garden painted in 1910, both exhibited in the State Russian Museum. He also painted landscapes of St. Petersburg and suburbs, as well as Versailles, Bretagne, Crimea, southern France, Italy, and Switzerland. He initiated, together with other members of the World of Art, a new Russian school of iconography, his most prominent works including illustrations for Alexander Pushkin’s Queen of Spades in 1899 and 1910, Bronze Horseman in 1903-22, and Captain’s Daughter in 1904 and 1919. He designed the scenery of Armida’s Pavilion composed by N. N. Cherepnin and directed by M. M. Fokine in the Mariinsky Theatre in 1907. He was the chief designer of S. P. Diaghilev’s Ballets Russes in 1909 and the art director of the Moscow Art Theatre in 1913-15. He took part in working out a state program for protecting monuments of art and history in 1917 and worked as a curator and the head of the State Hermitage’s picture gallery in 1918-26. He painted scenes for Petrograd’s theatres, including Peter Tchaikovsky’s Queen of Spades for the Mariinsky Theatre in 1919-20, C. Goldoni’s Servant of Two Masters for the Bolshoy Drama Theatre in 1921, etc. He settled in France in 1926 to work as the chief designer of Ida Rubinstein’s company and cooperate with Paris theatres and La Scala, Milan, in 1947-56. He wrote his memoirs and created a wide panorama of literary, artistic, and theatrical life in pre-revolutionary St. Petersburg. He lived in his father’s house at 15 Glinki Street, 56 First Line of Vasilievsky Island in 1905-07, 31 Admiralteysky Canal Embankment in 1908-14, and 38 First Line of Vasilievsky Island in 1915-17. See also Benois Family Museum. Works: My Reminiscences written in five books, the second supplemented edition published in Moscow in 1990; My Diary: 1916-1917-1918, published in Moscow in 2003. Reference: Александр Бенуа размышляет... М., 1968; Эткинд М. Г. Александр Николаевич Бенуа, 1870-1960. Л.; М., 1960; Его же. А. Н. Бенуа и русская художественная культура конца XIX - начала ХХ века. Л., 1989. O. L. Leikind, D. Y. Severyukhin.
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January. In Tsarskoye Selo, the Town Duma, Zemstvo and Menshevik Soviet were dissolved. N.I. Tatarintsev became the head of the new Bolshevik Soviet, this Soviet was declared as the only power in Tsarskoye Selo. 15 January ... | | January. In Tsarskoye Selo, the Town Duma, Zemstvo and Menshevik Soviet were dissolved. N.I. Tatarintsev became the head of the new Bolshevik Soviet, this Soviet was declared as the only power in Tsarskoye Selo. 15 January. The commission, as a part of Tsarskoye Selo Soviet of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies, was organized which registered all dwellers appartments with furnishings and then this commission distributed appartments among the workers families. The Palace Hospital, casualty ward of the Red Cross, private pharmacy of Deringer were nationalized. 23 February. V.I. Lenin, the chairman of the Council of People's Commissars, ordered "to transfer officially the Tsarskoye Selo radio station to the new power…, that our radiogram was transmitted urgently and with absolute guarantee" in connection with the necessity of the communication with the Soviet delegation for the peace agreement with Germany . 3 March. The Tsarskoye Selo organizaton of RSDWP(b), despite the opposition of Trotskysts, passed the Lenin peace resolution "The Gemany peace conditions are unacceptable for the Russian Republic but taking into account the all-country tiredness and the necessity to arrange the disbalanced economy, the Tsarskoye Selo Soviet decided that the Council of People's Commissars reached the right decision about the peace agreement". 13 April. The first train arrived to Tsarskoye Selo from Petrograd with children-orphans for the "Model Health-Improving Children Colony" organized on the basis of the Tsarskoye Selo nationalized mansions according to the initiative of People's Commiassariat of Education; People's Commissar A.V. Lunacharsky regarded that this colony was the laboratory for the education of the future builders of communist society. Meetings and debates on attracting the teachers to work in the new schools were held in the Manege building in Sadovaya Street (it was renamed Komsomolskaya Street). Here, commissars A.V. Lunacharky and A.M. Kollontai made speeches devoted to the propaganda of ideas about the separation of religion from the state, general literacy, great duty of teachers before working people. The intelligentsia of Tsarskoye Selo protested against these ideas but gradually teachers began to come into schools. In 1918 in spring, 180 primary schools worked in the Tsarskoye Selo uyezd and 20 children colonies worked in 1919. 9 June. The Catherine Palace was opened as a museum. On the first day, 244 men visited the museum. The architect V.I. Yakovlev was appointed as the first head of the museum. 15 July. The museum was opened on the basis of the palace of Princess Palei. At first Princess Olga Valeryanovna was a guide, the description of the museum collection was made by E.F. Gollerbach. 18 July the poet Vladimir Palei, a son of Princess Palei and Grand Duke Pavel Aleksandrovich, was executed near Alapayevsk. 23 July. The Uyezd Committee of VKP(b) (All-Union Communist Party, Bolshevik) and its newspaper "The Tsarskoye Selo Truth" were organized at the 2nd Tsarskoye Selo uyezg conference. October. The Tsarskoye Selo commission for the protection of culture heritage was organized. Art historians and artists F.G. Bernstam, S.M. Korovin, E.F. Gollerbach, G.K. Lukomsky, M.I. Roslavlev were included in this commission and G.K. Lukomsky was the head of the commission. A.N. Benois, P.N. Neradovsky, D.A. Schmidt were invited as experts. 7 November. Soviet of Commissars of the Union of Communes of the North region published decree about the renaming of Tsarskoye Selo "... Henceforth former Tsarskoye Selo threw aside its disgraceful name and become Detskoye (Children) Selo named after Uritsky". Buildings of Cossacks Barracks were transferred to the Petrograd Agronomic Institute. The building of the Martial Chamber was accommodated for the student club in 1920. V.V. Mayakovsky, N.K. Cherkasov, S.A. Esenin, citizens of Tsarskoye Selo A.N. Tolstoy, V.Y. Shishkov, L.R. Kogan and others performed here at the hall having 400 seats during the 1920s - the 1930s.
Persons Benois Alexander Nikolaevich Cherkasov Nikolay Konstantinovich Esenin Sergey Alexandrovich Hollerbach Erich Fedorovich Kogan Lev Rudolfovich Kollontay Alexandra Mikhailovna Lenin (real name Ulyanov) Vladimir Ilyich Lukomsky Georgy Kreskentievich Lunacharsky Anatoly Vasilievich Mayakovsky Vladimir Vladimirovich Neradovsky Peter Nikolaevich Paley Olga Valentinovna, Duchess Paley, Vladimir Pavlovich Schmidt D.A. Shishkov Alexander Semenovich Tatarintsev, Nikolay Ivanovich Tolstoy Alexey Nikolaevich Yakovlev Vsevolod Ivanovich
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