HOLLERBACH Erich Fedorovich (1892, Tsarskoe Selo - 1942) art historian, literary critic, bibliophile. In 1911-17, he studied at the Psychoneurological Institute, at the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics and at the Faculty of History and Philology of Petrograd University. He was a staff member of the Russian Museum in 1921-24; from 1923 he was in charge of the artistic department of the Petrograd Department of the State Publishing House. He was one of the founders and a head of the Leningrad Society of Bibliophiles (1923-26). He is the author of works on the questions of graphic art, monographs about the creative works of by M. V. Dobuzhinsky (1923), G. K. Lukomsky (1928), B. M. Kustodiev (1929), Alexander Pushkin, V. V. Rozanov, A. A. Blok, A. A. Akhmatova et al., of books, articles and guide books about Tsarskoe Selo, including the anthology Tsarskoe Selo in the Poetry (1922) and of the book with lyrical prose City of Muses (1927; a more profound edition illustrated by himself - 1930). He lived in Tsarskoe Selo in the corner of Moskovskaya Street and Leontyevskaya Street (the house has not been preserved). He died in Vologda while being evacuated during the blokade.

Works: Meetings and impressions. St. Petersburg, 1998.

O. L. Leikind, D. Y. Severyukhin.

January. In Tsarskoye Selo, the Town Duma, Zemstvo and Menshevik Soviet were dissolved. N.I. Tatarintsev became the head of the new Bolshevik Soviet, this Soviet was declared as the only power in Tsarskoye Selo.

15 January. The commission, as a part of Tsarskoye Selo Soviet of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies, was organized which registered all dwellers appartments with furnishings and then this commission distributed appartments among the workers families. The Palace Hospital, casualty ward of the Red Cross, private pharmacy of Deringer were nationalized.

23 February. V.I. Lenin, the chairman of the Council of People's Commissars, ordered "to transfer officially the Tsarskoye Selo radio station to the new power…, that our radiogram was transmitted urgently and with absolute guarantee" in connection with the necessity of the communication with the Soviet delegation for the peace agreement with Germany .

3 March. The Tsarskoye Selo organizaton of RSDWP(b), despite the opposition of Trotskysts, passed the Lenin peace resolution "The Gemany peace conditions are unacceptable for the Russian Republic but taking into account the all-country tiredness and the necessity to arrange the disbalanced economy, the Tsarskoye Selo Soviet decided that the Council of People's Commissars reached the right decision about the peace agreement".

13 April. The first train arrived to Tsarskoye Selo from Petrograd with children-orphans for the "Model Health-Improving Children Colony" organized on the basis of the Tsarskoye Selo nationalized mansions according to the initiative of People's Commiassariat of Education; People's Commissar A.V. Lunacharsky regarded that this colony was the laboratory for the education of the future builders of communist society. Meetings and debates on attracting the teachers to work in the new schools were held in the Manege building in Sadovaya Street (it was renamed Komsomolskaya Street). Here, commissars A.V. Lunacharky and A.M. Kollontai made speeches devoted to the propaganda of ideas about the separation of religion from the state, general literacy, great duty of teachers before working people. The intelligentsia of Tsarskoye Selo protested against these ideas but gradually teachers began to come into schools. In 1918 in spring, 180 primary schools worked in the Tsarskoye Selo uyezd and 20 children colonies worked in 1919.

9 June. The Catherine Palace was opened as a museum. On the first day, 244 men visited the museum. The architect V.I. Yakovlev was appointed as the first head of the museum.

15 July. The museum was opened on the basis of the palace of Princess Palei. At first Princess Olga Valeryanovna was a guide, the description of the museum collection was made by E.F. Gollerbach. 18 July the poet Vladimir Palei, a son of Princess Palei and Grand Duke Pavel Aleksandrovich, was executed near Alapayevsk.

23 July. The Uyezd Committee of VKP(b) (All-Union Communist Party, Bolshevik) and its newspaper "The Tsarskoye Selo Truth" were organized at the 2nd Tsarskoye Selo uyezg conference.

October. The Tsarskoye Selo commission for the protection of culture heritage was organized. Art historians and artists F.G. Bernstam, S.M. Korovin, E.F. Gollerbach, G.K. Lukomsky, M.I. Roslavlev were included in this commission and G.K. Lukomsky was the head of the commission. A.N. Benois, P.N. Neradovsky, D.A. Schmidt were invited as experts.

7 November. Soviet of Commissars of the Union of Communes of the North region published decree about the renaming of Tsarskoye Selo "... Henceforth former Tsarskoye Selo threw aside its disgraceful name and become Detskoye (Children) Selo named after Uritsky".

Buildings of Cossacks Barracks were transferred to the Petrograd Agronomic Institute. The building of the Martial Chamber was accommodated for the student club in 1920. V.V. Mayakovsky, N.K. Cherkasov, S.A. Esenin, citizens of Tsarskoye Selo A.N. Tolstoy, V.Y. Shishkov, L.R. Kogan and others performed here at the hall having 400 seats during the 1920s - the 1930s. Benois Alexander Nikolaevich
Cherkasov Nikolay Konstantinovich
Esenin Sergey Alexandrovich
Hollerbach Erich Fedorovich
Kogan Lev Rudolfovich
Kollontay Alexandra Mikhailovna
Lenin (real name Ulyanov) Vladimir Ilyich
Lukomsky Georgy Kreskentievich
Lunacharsky Anatoly Vasilievich
Mayakovsky Vladimir Vladimirovich
Neradovsky Peter Nikolaevich
Paley Olga Valentinovna, Duchess
Paley, Vladimir Pavlovich
Schmidt D.A.
Shishkov Alexander Semenovich
Tatarintsev, Nikolay Ivanovich
Tolstoy Alexey Nikolaevich
Yakovlev Vsevolod Ivanovich