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hidden Persons of Tsarskoye Selo -
hidden Monuments of history and culture | Oktyabrsky Boulevard/Pushkin, town hidden The Kuzminsky (Egyptian) Gate. | |
The Kuzminsky Gate (it is the historical name) is the bright incarnation of the Egyptian theme. It has caused the rename of the Kuzminsky Gate in the second half of the 20th century ... | | The Kuzminsky Gate (it is the historical name) is the bright incarnation of the Egyptian theme. It has caused the rename of the Kuzminsky Gate in the second half of the 20th century. The Ancient Egyptian plots sculpture decorations of the cast iron coating of facades are harmonized with the pyramidal form of the three-storied stone pylons – guardhouses. In the facades ornamental design there are Egyptian hieroglyphs, genre scenes of the Ancient Egyptian life, motifs of a lotus flower and stalk, snake, scarabs, sphinxes, herms that are typical to the Egyptian art. According to the design of A.A. Menelaws of 1826 the gate was supposed to install in the Alexander Park at the gateway to Tsarskoye Selo Boulevard. On Nicholas I’s order “out of respect for Kuzminsky Road is a great way” in 1827 the gate was begun to build at the entry into the town. The artist Vasily Dodonov drew hieroglyphs, their plaster models were made by the sculptor V.I. Demut-Malinovsky. The coating was produced at the Saint Petersburg Alexander Iron Foundry. In the 1830s the Kuzminsky Gate became the zero reference point of versts ( 1 verst = 3500 ft. ) on the way from Tsarskoye Selo to Saint Petersburg.
Persons Dadonov, Vasily Demut-Malinovsky Vasily Ivanovich Menelas Adam Adamovich Nicholas I, Emperor
Addresses Oktyabrsky Boulevard/Pushkin, town Pushkin, town
| | | | hidden "To Pushkin Town Citizens - Heroes of the USSR", a memorial | |
A memorial devoted to Pushin Town citizens , heroes of the USSR, participants of World War II, was unveiled in October Boulevard in Pushkin Town in May 2005. Authors: a working group of the Pushkin District Administration ... | | A memorial devoted to Pushin Town citizens , heroes of the USSR, participants of World War II, was unveiled in October Boulevard in Pushkin Town in May 2005. Authors: a working group of the Pushkin District Administration. * Literature:
Addresses Oktyabrsky Boulevard/Pushkin, town
| | | | hidden Tsarskoe Selo, palace and park ensemble | |
TSARSKOE SELO (Pushkin town), a monument of town-planning and a palace and park ensemble dating from the 18th to the beginning of the 20th century. The core of the ensemble is the estate of Empress Catherine I Sarskaya Myza (founded in 1710) ... | | TSARSKOE SELO (Pushkin town), a monument of town-planning and a palace and park ensemble dating from the 18th to the beginning of the 20th century. The core of the ensemble is the estate of Empress Catherine I Sarskaya Myza (founded in 1710). To the north of the Catherine Palace, is the Church of the Holy Sign (1734-46, architects M.Y. Blank, M.G. Zemtsov). In 1752-53, the ensemble of "cavaliers' houses" (4, 6, 10, 12 Sadovaya Street; architect S.I. Chevakinsky) was developed along the north fence of the Catherine Park and Lower Stables (building 18, 20; 1756-62, architects F. Rastrelli, Chevakinsky), Hothouses (building 14; 1750s, architect Rastrelli; reconstructed in 1820-28 by architect V.P. Stasov) and the so-called "stables of the horses on duty" (building 8; 1822-24, architect Stasov) were adjoined to the ensemble. In the middle of the 18th century, the development of the territory continued along Litseisky Lane (building 5 - choristers' wing, 1752-53) and Srednaya Street (building 1 and 3 - houses of the Palace Administration, 1744) - all designed by Chevakinsky. The formation of the palace settlement was interrupted in 1783, when the place for the new town Sofia was chosen to the south-east of the Catherine Park; its plan (architect C. Cameron) was to become a model for all major provincial towns of the Russian Empire. But the project was not implemented to the full and in 1808 the town was abolished (the Holy Wisdom Cathedral and Kazanskoe Cemetery have preserved); later, the territory was built up with quarters and barracks where the Life Guard Hussar Regiment, Riflemen Regiment, Cuirassier Regiment and Artillery School were quartered. The planning of Tsarskoe Selo features regular lay-out formed by perpendicular streets. The centre is the rectangular Sobornaya Square (1808, architect V.I. Hastie) with facades of the Municipal Government and Fire Department (28, 32 Leontyevskaya Street; 1821, architects V.I. Hastie, V.P. Stasov) and Gostiny dvor (25 Moskovskaya Street; 1863-66, architect N.S. Nikitin). St. Catherine's Cathedral (1835-40, architect K.A. Ton) was demolished in 1939. Until the early 20th century, the development was confined to Bulvarnaya Street (today Oktyabrsky Boulevard). The considerable part of Tsarskoe Selo is occupied with the Catherine Park, Alexander Park, Babolovsky Park, Separate Park with Colonists' Pond (along Pavlovskoe Freeway, laid out in 1824-25, architect A.A. Menelas; 1839-47, masters F.F. Lyamin, I.F. Piper; partially replanned in the mid-19th century by architect A.F. Vidov and in the early 20 century by architect S.A. Danini), and Lyceum Garden (1819, architect A.A. Menelas, replanned in 1849, architect D.E. Efimov) with the monument to Alexander Pushkin (1900, sculptor R.P. Bach), the summer residence of M.V. Kochubey (Spare, or Vladimirsky Palace) at 22 Sadovaya Street (1817-18, architect Stasov); the summer residence of Z.I. Yusupova (10-12 Pavlovskoe Freeway; 1856-59, architect I.A. Monighetti), the summer residence of Grand Prince Boris Vladimirovich (11 Moskovskoe Freeway; 1896-97, Maple English firm; 1899, architect A.I. von Gogen). In the early 20th century, in the north of Tsarskoe Selo (Akademichesky Avenue) an ensemble was created that included Feodorovsky Settlement; the Imperial garages (1906-07, architect S.A. Danini, 1913-15, architect A.K. Minyaev); quarters of His Imperial Majesty Escort (1916, architect V.N. Maximov); Tsar's Pavilion of the railway station (1912, architect V.A. Pokrovsky). During the Great Patriotic War of 1941-45, the ensemble of Tsarskoe Selo suffered severe damage. In the course of post-war restoration work, main constituents and focuses of pre-revolutionary architecture have been preserved. References: Ласточкин С. Я., Рубежанский Ю. Ф. Царское Село - резиденция российских монархов: Архит. и воен.-ист. очерк. 2-е изд., доп. и перераб. СПб., 2000. Y. M. Piryutko.
Persons Blank Ivan (Jogann)Yakovlevich Cameron Charles Catherine I, Empress Chevakinsky Savva Ivanovich Rastrelli Francesco de Stasov Vasily Petrovich Zemtsov Mikhail Grigorievich
Addresses Akademichesky Avenue/Pushkin, town Leontievskaya Street/Pushkin, town, house 32 Leontievskaya Street/Pushkin, town, house 28 Litseisky Lane/Pushkin, town, house 5 Moskovskaya Street/Pushkin, town, house 25 Moskovskoe Freeway/Pushkin, town, house 11 Oktyabrsky Boulevard/Pushkin, town Pavlovskoe Freeway/Pushkin, town Pavlovskoe Freeway/Pushkin, town, house 10 Pavlovskoe Freeway/Pushkin, town, house 12 Pushkin, town Sadovaya Street/Pushkin, town, house 22 Sadovaya Street/Pushkin, town, house 6 Sadovaya Street/Pushkin, town, house 4 Sadovaya Street/Pushkin, town, house 18 Sadovaya Street/Pushkin, town, house 14 Sadovaya Street/Pushkin, town, house 12 Sadovaya Street/Pushkin, town, house 8 Sadovaya Street/Pushkin, town, house 20 Sadovaya Street/Pushkin, town, house 10 Srednaya Street/Pushkin, town, house 3 Srednaya Street/Pushkin, town, house 1
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March. The former study of A.S. Pushkin, in the house of Kitayev, was vacated from tenants and the appartment-museum of the poet was opened in it according to the decision of the Executive Committee of Pushkin Town. 22 June ... | | March. The former study of A.S. Pushkin, in the house of Kitayev, was vacated from tenants and the appartment-museum of the poet was opened in it according to the decision of the Executive Committee of Pushkin Town. 22 June. The Great Patriotic War was began. Military - political headquaretrs for the town defence under the direction of F.I. Babaikin, a secretary of the district committee of VKP(b), was organized, the mobilization was began. 27 June. The Leningrad Executive Committee adopted the decision about the involving of all able-bodied citizens, from 16 to 50 -year- old men and from 16 to 50 -year-old women, for the working duty, working units for the digging of trenches and the anti-aircraft defence detachments were formed in the all organization of Pushkin Town. 30 June. The evacuation commission was organized at the Pushkin Executive Committee, this commission implemented the evacuation of town dwellers ( more than 20000 men were evacuated from the Pushkin District in all), industrial works, institutes, palace-museums of Pushkin Town ( 17870 museum articles were removed from 30 June untill 22 August). The end of June. The NKVD administration (People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs) of the Leningrad region and Leningrad raised the 76th and 77th destroyer battalions of NKVD, under the command of NKVD Lieutenant N.M. Muzychenko and Border Guards Captain V.E. Lomakin (420 soldiers in all), for detaining the spies and saboteurs at town streets. 5 July. Recruiment commission began to select the volunteers for the Home Guards detachments. The 2nd rifle battalion having numbers about 800 soldiers, under the command of Reserve Captain S.P. Borisov, a worker of the military recruiment office, was included in the 2nd Home Guards division of Leningrad. 3043 men were conscripted and took part in the battle of Leningrad and at other fronts in the first war months. Pushkin Town gave more than 4000 warriors in all for the front. 23 July. The Pushkin Town partisan detachment was organized in number 60 men. I.V. Emelyanov, a deputy chairman of the Pushkin Town Executive Committee, was appointed as a commander. 7 August. By this date, at the line Antropshino-Kobralovo-Shushary-Aleksandrovskaya having 10 kilometres long, the anti-tank ditches of 6100 metres long were dug, 820 places for anti-tank obstacles were prepared, 10 pits for the anti-tank emplacements were dug, 11 anti-gas shelters were constructed and hundreds of anti-aircraft defence headquarters were formed. 12 August. In Moskovskaya Slavyanka settlement the 261st OPAB battalion was formed from the volunteers of the Kyibyshev district of Leningrad, this battalion, together with the 168th infantry division under the command of Colonel A.L. Bondarev, stood firm at the defence line Pushkin-Slutsk-Fyodorovskoye - Antropshino. Bondarev, the commander of the division, was awarded the Order of Red Banner for courage and bravery that were showed by him during the battle of Leningrad. August – September. The editorial office of the newspaper of the 1st Kirov Home Guards division was placed at the former house of the writer A.N. Tolstoy in Proletarskaya Street, about 30 Leningrad writers, so- called "writer platoont", were employees of this editorial office. 3-17 September. The Repair-Mechanics Plant was evacuated into Leningrad where the workers of this plant repaired the military machinery, including the manufacturing of the chassis to the legendary rocket launcher "Katyusha", during the seige of Leningrad. 10 September. The 237th infantry division was concentrated in Pushkin Town for the battle with the enemy units: the 296th infantry division and SS division "Polizei" . 12 September. The enemy offencive began in the direction of Slutsk-Kolpino. 14 September. The central part of the Pushkin Town - Gostiny Dvor, the Executive Committee building, Cathedral Square - was subjected to the intensive artillery fire. 15 September. The 76th and 77th destroyer batallions were united into the 77th combined destroyer batallion uder the command of I.A. Yakovlev, head of the Pushkin Town police station, according to the order of NKVD of Leningrad. The Aleksandrovskaya Station was captured by the 269th infantry division and SS division "Polizei". 16 September. The troops of the 55th Army leaved Pushkin Town and Slutsk Town, in the view of the encirclement threat, and retreated at the line Bilshoye Kuzmino, Shushary, Moskovskaya Slavyanka, sovkhoz "Detskoselsky", our troops were at these positions for the all time of the siege. 17 September. The occupation of Pushkin Town was began. September. The German administration registered all population at the occupied territory. The part of the man population of Pushkin Town was moved into the concentration camp in Gatchina. September - October. The massacre of jewish people of Pushkin Town, 800 jewish people were executed by shooting in the Alexander Park, was organized by the Nazi invaders. Communists, members of Komsomol (the Young Communist League) were executed by hanging (gallows was placed at the corner of Moskovskaya Street and Konyushennaya Street, lamps on Sadovaya Street and Oktyabrsky Boulevard were used too). During the occupation 9514 people starved to death, 6268 people were executed by shooting, 1105 people were hung, 1214 people died after tortures, 17968 people were taken out for concentration camps and Nazi hard labour.
Persons Babaykin, F.I. Bondarev, A.L. Lomakin, V.Ye. Muzychenko, I.M. Yakovlev, I.A. Yemelyanov, I.V.
Addresses Konyushennaya Street/Pushkin, town Moskovskaya Street/Pushkin, town Oktyabrsky Boulevard/Pushkin, town Sadovaya Street/Pushkin, town
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The two semi-circular houses were built at the intersection of 1st May Street (now it is Konyushennaya Street) and October Boulevard by the design of architects L.N. Rotinov and L.M. Bezverkhny ... | | | | | | hidden | | |
6 June. New memorial exposition in Kitayev's house, which was reconstructed and all dwellers were evicted, was opened in the Museum "The Country House of A.S. Pushkin", a branch of the All-Union Museum of A.S. Pushkin . 1 September ... | 6 June. New memorial exposition in Kitayev's house, which was reconstructed and all dwellers were evicted, was opened in the Museum "The Country House of A.S. Pushkin", a branch of the All-Union Museum of A.S. Pushkin . 1 September. The school No. 477 for 1176 pupils was opened in the house no. 20 in Khazov Street in a new urban area. The House for Veterans of Architecture was built at the crossroad of Skolnaya Street and October Boulevard according to the design of the architect N.M. Zakharyina. New houses with living area of 24,400 square metres were built in Khazov Street, October Boulevard (the house of "Remputmash"), in Glinka Street (the house of the Garden and Park Trust). A Dental Hospital was put into operation.
Persons Zakharyina Natalia Mikhailovna
Addresses Oktyabrsky Boulevard/Pushkin, town Shkolnaya Street/Pushkin, town Pushkin, town Pushkin, town Pushkin, town
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