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hidden Persons of Tsarskoye Selo -
hidden Monuments of history and culture | Monighetti Ippolito Antonovich hidden Catherine Palace (Town of Pushkin) | |
CATHERINE PALACE (Town of Pushkin), an architectural monument of the Baroque period, compositional centre and dominating architecture of the park and palace ensemble of Tsarskoe Selo ... | | CATHERINE PALACE (Town of Pushkin), an architectural monument of the Baroque period, compositional centre and dominating architecture of the park and palace ensemble of Tsarskoe Selo. In 1717-1723, on this site a small stone palace of Empress Catherine I (architect I.F. Braunstein) was constructed concurrently with the establishment of the Catherine Park. From 1743, work on the palace extension was started (architect M.G. Zemtsov), after his death work continued under the guidance of architects A.V. Kvasov and S.I. Chevakinsky. From late 1748 - architect F. Rastrelli. In May of 1752, Empress Elizaveta Petrovna ordered everything that had been erected earlier to be reconstructed and in 1756 the Catherine Palace was completed. At this stage it consisted only of the western parade court, framed by single-story semicircular buildings - surrounded with splendid wrought railings with gilded details and gates along the central axis of the palace. The facades are decorated with moulded figures of caryatids, cartouche, masks (sculptor I. F. Dunker), marked with ochre colour against the turquoise background (up to the 1770s, the stucco work was gilded). Originally the front staircase was in the south section of the Catherine Palace, on the second floor were also located the "Golden Enfilade", comprising of five "antechambers", double tiered Grand Hall and a number of sitting rooms, their fretwork above the doors created an impression of a gold stream. Among the interiors is the Amber Room. The length of the Catherine palace's facades is over 325 metres. The central part of the building (The Middle House) has retained the parameters of the palace of Catherine I. The side wings that replaced the original open terrace unite the central part with the wings: to the north there is a church (1779-84, architect I.V. Neelov) and to the south - Zubovsky (1778-1784, architect Y.M. Felten). Under Catherine II, in the 1780s, new interiors were added according to the designs of C. Cameron: the Arabesque and the Lyon sitting rooms, the Silver Study and others in the south part of the Catherine Palace, the rooms of the Grand Prince Pavel Petrovich (the Green dining-room, the Bedchamber and others) in the northern part. To the south-eastern side of the Catherine Palace the complex of the so-called Cameron Gallery, the Cold Bath (Agate Pavilion), the hanging garden and the ramp (1780-87; 1792-94) are united. In 1817-20, and in the 1840s architect V.P. Stasov made some changes in the palace's interiors, in 1860-63 architect I. A. Monighetti (Chinese front staircase in the central part). Since 1918, the Catherine Palace has been a palace-museum, in 1941-44, it was practically levelled, restoration following the project of architect A.A. Kedrinsky was launched in 1957. Restoration works continue up to the present. See also "Tsarskoe Selo" article. A. A. Alexeev.
Persons Braunstein Johann Friedrich Cameron Charles Catherine I, Empress Catherine II, Empress Chevakinsky Savva Ivanovich Dunker Johann Franz Elizaveta Petrovna, Empress Felten Yury (Georg Friedrich) Matveevich Kedrinsky Alexander Alexandrovich Kvasov Andrey Vasilievich Monighetti Ippolito Antonovich Neelov Ilya Vasilievich Paul (Pavel) I, Emperor Rastrelli Francesco de Stasov Vasily Petrovich Zemtsov Mikhail Grigorievich
| | | | hidden Catherine Park (Pushkin town), ensemble | |
CATHERINE PARK (Pushkin town), a monument of landscape architecture and the central part of Tsarskoe Selo palace ensemble. Its consists of a total of 107 hectares The park consists of a grassed and a landscape areas, divided by the Great Pond ... | | CATHERINE PARK (Pushkin town), a monument of landscape architecture and the central part of Tsarskoe Selo palace ensemble. Its consists of a total of 107 hectares The park consists of a grassed and a landscape areas, divided by the Great Pond, formed by damming the Vangazia Brook. The regular Old Park (1717-20s, garden masters Y. Roozen and I. Focht) was laid out on artificial terraces to the north of the pond. There are parterre lawns and flower gardens on the upper terrace near the Catherine park, two small ponds on the next one, and on the lower terrace there are bosquets between the three divergent alley ways, leading to Rybny Canal, behind which, in the so-called Wild Grove, the Hermitage pavilion is situated (1744-54, architect M.G. Zemtsov , F. Rastrelli). The Grotto (Morning Hall) is located on the bank of the pond (1749-61, architect Rastrelli). There are marble sculptures and busts of the early 18th century on the park's paths (masters A. Tarsia, P. Baratta, et al.). Pavilions of the Upper and the Lower Baths were constructed in classical style on the terraces of the garden by projects of architect I.V. Neelov (see the Neelov family) in the late 1770s, and the Hermitage kitchen in the Pseudo-Gothic style at the Wild Grove entrance. The practice of tree trimming was ceased under Empress Catherine II, and the garden lost its regular character. The landscape part of the Catherine Park (1762-96, garden masters J. Bush, T. Ilyin, architect V.I. Neelov) was laid out around the Great Pond, the geometric outlines of which were changed to fit the landscape style, and the following artificial islands were made: the Great Island (with a hall on it, 1794, architect G. Quarenghi), Wild Island, Stone Island, and Rabbit Island. Artificial Cascading Ponds were connected with the Great Pond. Admiralty complex (1773-77, architect V.I. Neelov) is situated on the east bank of the Great Pond. The Column of Morea (1771), Kagul Obelisk (1771-72) and Chesme Column (1774-76) were erected in honour of victories in the Russo-Turkish Wars of the second half of the 18th century in the landscape part of the park by projects of architect A. Rinaldi. In the south part of the Catherine Park the Tower Ruin with a rampart of packed earth (1771-73), the Gothic Gates (1777-80, architect Y.M. Velten), and Gatchina (Orlov) Gates (1777-78, architect Rinaldi). Nearby, located beyond the park boundary, the Crimea Column is situated (1777-85, sculptor G.I. Kozlov). Swan pools with weirs and cascades are located to the southwest of the Great Pond, behind Sibirsky (Palladiev) Bridge (1772-74, architect V. I. Neelov). The Pyramid with a cemetery for dogs of the royal court with Water Laborinth near it are in the same part of the park. In the western part of the Catherine park there is the Ramp Alley and the Granite Terrace (1809, architect L. Rusca), on which copies of Antique sculptures were installed in the 1850s (master A. Hamburger). A path leads down from the terrace to the Milk Maid fountain (1816, engineer A.A. Bethencourt; female statue - sculptor P.P. Sokolov). To the west of the Ramp Alley there are the Upper Ponds, with the Concert Hall on an island with the Kitchen Ruins (1782-88, architect Quarenghi) and the Evening Hall pavilion (1796, architect I.V. Neelov, 1810-11, architect Rusca). the Catherine Park is separated from the Chinese Village by Podkapriznaya Road. In the 19th century the Catherine Park was enriched with: gates "For My Dear Colleagues" (1817, architect V.P. Stasov), the Turkish Baths (the 1850s, architect I.A. Monighetti), the Personal Garden was laid out with marble pergola and a fountain (1865, architect A.F. Vidov). The Regular design of the Old Garden was restored in the 1960-70s (architect N.E. Tumanova). Reference: see Tsarskoe Selo entry. A. A. Alexeev.
Persons Baratta Pietro Bethencourt Avgustin Avgustinovich Bush Joseph (John) Catherine II, Empress Felten Yury (Georg Friedrich) Matveevich Foсht I. Hamburger I.A. Ilyin T. Kozlov Grigory Mikhailovich Monighetti Ippolito Antonovich Neelov Ilya Vasilievich Neelov Vasily Ivanovich Quarenghi Giacomo Rastrelli Francesco de Rinaldi Antonio Roozen Yan Rusca Luigi (Aloisy Ivanovich) Sokolov Pavel Petrovich Stasov Vasily Petrovich Tarsia Antonio Tumanova Natalia Evgenievna Vidov Alexander Fomich Zemtsov Mikhail Grigorievich
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CHINA-VILLAGE (PUSHKIN), an architectural monument, part of the Tsarskoe Selo Palace and Park Ensemble, divided by Podkapriznaya Road from Catherine Park. Constructed in 1782-98 (architect A. Rinaldi, C ... | | CHINA-VILLAGE (PUSHKIN), an architectural monument, part of the Tsarskoe Selo Palace and Park Ensemble, divided by Podkapriznaya Road from Catherine Park. Constructed in 1782-98 (architect A. Rinaldi, C. Cameron), it encompasses twelve single-story Chinese style houses, intended to accommodate courtiers. An eight-faced two-tired pagoda was to become the compositional centre of the China-village ensemble, but was never built. The China-village was reconstructed in 1817-22 (architect V.P. Stasov) and in 1859-61 (architect I.A. Monighetti). The Grand Caprice Pavilion, the Creaking Pavilion (1778-82, architect Y.M. Felten), a number of bridges and the Chinese Theatre in Alexander park were constructed in the same style as China Village. The China-Village complex was extensively damaged during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-45. In the 1990s restoration was carried out, the houses were converted to an elite hotel; a pagoda was erected according to the original plans. See also Tsarskoe Selo article. A. A. Alexeev.
Persons Cameron Charles Felten Yury (Georg Friedrich) Matveevich Monighetti Ippolito Antonovich Rinaldi Antonio Stasov Vasily Petrovich
| | | | hidden Monighetti I.A. (1819-1878), architect | |
MONIGHETTI Ippolit Antonovich (1819-1878, St. Petersburg), architect, aquarellist, teacher, associate academy member (1847), professor (1858), court architect (1860) ... | | MONIGHETTI Ippolit Antonovich (1819-1878, St. Petersburg), architect, aquarellist, teacher, associate academy member (1847), professor (1858), court architect (1860). Adherent of Eclecticism, predominantly of the "second Baroque", interior designer and decorator. Monighetti is a descendent of a Russified family of Italian merchants. Graduated from the Stroganov Academy in Moscow (1835) and the Academy of Fine Arts (1839). A student of A.P. Brullov. In 1839-47, lived in Europe. Since 1848, was appointed architect of the Ministry of the Imperial Court and Principalities; worked in Tsarskoe Selo, where he erected the stylized Turkish Bath Pavilion in the park (1850-52), in the town itself, he built over 30 apartment houses (among those remaining is the mansion and summer cottage of Princess Z.I. Yusupova, 1856-59). He masterfully employed various historical styles. In the 1850s-60s he designed the interiors of Yusupov Palace on the Moika River, Mariinsky Palace, Anichkov Palace, Stroganov Mansion in St. Petersburg and of the Catherine Palace in Tsarskoe Selo. In the so-called second Baroque he built Dyleev's mansion (1859, 155 Obvodny Canal Embankment), Zerebtsova's apartment house (1852-54, 9 Gorokhovaya Street), in early Neoclassicism, M.V. Vorontsova's Palace. (1856-57, 106 Moika River Embankment). Engaged in designing household goods. Since 1868, lived in his own mansion in Tsarskoe Selo (has not survived). Buried at the Shuvalovskoe Cemetery. Reference: Листов В. Н. Ипполит Монигетти. Л., 1976; Зодчие Санкт-Петербурга, XIX - начало ХХ века. СПб., 1998. С. 1013-1014. V. V. Antonov.
| | | | hidden The House of F. Kanobbio. | |
A splendid sample of a wooden house with a mezzanine and three-part Italian window in the Classicism style was erected to the design of V.I. Geste which was approved by Alexander I in 1814 ... | | A splendid sample of a wooden house with a mezzanine and three-part Italian window in the Classicism style was erected to the design of V.I. Geste which was approved by Alexander I in 1814. It was built in 1815 by the engineer – lieutenant Francis Kanobbio, an inspector of the Taitsi water system. However he died a short time later and in 1819 the house was inherited by A.N. Kanobbio, the widow of his brother, a court conductor. Later on the house was owned by her daughters , S. Kanobbio, M. Kwadri, E. Korsini (from 1824 until 1832), and then the Austria national S.I. Cherfolio and his heirs (from 1832 until 1851). In 1851 I. Monighetti and N.S. Nikitin rebuilt partly the house for the next owner Ye.I. Kuzminskaya, nee Voyevodskaya, the wife of a full state councillor. Then during 1859-1874 the house was owned by Full State Councilor I.G. Kuzminsky, from 1874 until 1915 by the Doctor of Medicine I.M. Ost and his son A.I. Ost. From 1905 to 1917 L.Z. Lansere, the Chairman of the Board of the Russian Insurance Company, lived here. In 1954-1955 the major repairs of the house was done. According to the local legends the house is known as the House of Geste and the House of Akhmatova.
Persons Alexander I, Emperor Cherfolio, S.I. Hastie Vasily Ivanovich (William) Kanobbio, A.N. Kanobbio, Francisc Kanobbio, S. Korsini, E. Kuzminskaya, Ye.I. Kuzminsky, I.G. Lanceray, L.Z. Monighetti Ippolito Antonovich Nikitin, N.S. Ost, A.I. Ost, I.M.
Addresses Leontievskaya Street/Pushkin, town
| | | | hidden The Llama Pavilion (an ensemble of the Alexander Park) | |
In 1820-1822 the architect A. Menelaws built the Llama Pavilion, where llamas brought to Alexander I, apparently from Peru, were placed. In the closed courtyard there was a stable ... | In 1820-1822 the architect A. Menelaws built the Llama Pavilion, where llamas brought to Alexander I, apparently from Peru, were placed. In the closed courtyard there was a stable, small manège for animals and fodder store as far as accommodation for keepers. The eight-sazhen-high (sixteen-metre-high) tower towers above it. Richly decorated apartment for resting with the Empire style furniture was contained in the tower. The room walls were decorated with coloured etchings with views of Central and South America. “Using llamas for work by Peruvian” was the plot of etchings. In 1860 the architect I. Monighetti built two-story wing here for use as a photographic laboratory and since then the pavilion has been named as “Photpgraphy”. In 1907 mountain fallow-deer, brought by Colonel Zhukovsky from southern Mongolia, were kept in the manege.
Persons Alexander I, Emperor Menelas Adam Adamovich Monighetti Ippolito Antonovich Zhukovsky
| | | | hidden The Nicholas Man Gymnasium. The memorial plaque to I.F. Annensky. | |
A part of the area of the closed Wall-paper Factory with a stone barrack for workers, belonged to the Banknote Factory since 1780, was given for building a public almshouse according to the Emperor’s order in 1859 ... | | A part of the area of the closed Wall-paper Factory with a stone barrack for workers, belonged to the Banknote Factory since 1780, was given for building a public almshouse according to the Emperor’s order in 1859. The project of converting the barrack into the almshouse with a domestic church was developed by I.A. Monighetti. The construction was directed by A.F. Vidov in 1863-1865, but then building was stopped in connection with the money problems. In 1869 according to the Emperor’s order the building was allowed to rebuilt as a man gymnasium. The gymnasium was named after Emperor Nicholas Pavlovich and in the memory of dead Tsesarevich Nicholas Alexandrovich, the inscription on the memorial plaque placed on the façade informed about it. The solemn ceremony of the opening of the Gymnasium took place in the presence of Alexander II and august persons on 8 September 1870 in the Town Council hall. The Gymnasium became famous for its teachers and pupils, among which there was the poet I.F. Annensky who headed the gymnasium and lived here since 1896 until 1905. N.N. Gumilyev, V.A. Komarovsky, V.A. Rozhdestvensky, N.N. Punin and many others were among pupils of the gymnasium.
Persons Alexander II, Emperor Annensky Innokenty Fedorovich Gumilyov, N.N. Komarovsky, Vasily Alekseyevich, count Monighetti Ippolito Antonovich Nicholas I, Emperor Punin Nikolay Nikolaevich Rozhdestvensky Vsevolod Alexandrovich Vidov Alexander Fomich
Addresses Naberezhnaya Street/Pushkin, town, house 12
| | | | hidden The Small Farm of Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna (an ensemble of the Catherine Park) | |
Emperor Alexander II ordered to build different entertaining constructions for his children near his apartments in the Catherine Palace. The most famous construction was the Small Farm of Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna ... | | Emperor Alexander II ordered to build different entertaining constructions for his children near his apartments in the Catherine Palace. The most famous construction was the Small Farm of Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna. The Small Farm is often mistakenly connected with the Alexander Park, but in reality it was situated in the Private Garden of the Catherine Park not far from the Concert Hall. The miniature ensemble included two loghouses, a cow-shed, poultry-yard and ice –house. This pastoral park complex, a tiny copy of a real cattle – yard, was built by I. Monighetti in 1861 for Alexander II’s older daughter. Facades, interiors, furniture and utensils were made in Russian style with using folk ornamental motifs in the decoration. A toy railway , with tunnels and bridges, led to a port on the Upper Pond shore, was constructed near the Small Farm in the open air later. Then a bowling-alley and sport ground were built for Alexander’s children. The Small Farm pavilion was destroyed during the German occupation in 1941-1944.
Persons Alexander II, Emperor Monighetti Ippolito Antonovich
| | | | hidden The Tirkish Bath pavilion (an ensemble of the Catherine Park) | |
The East architecture touches and the name of the Turkish Bath pavilion, occupying the foreground in the Great Pond panorama, remember about the Adrianople Peace treaty with Turkey in 1829 ... | | The East architecture touches and the name of the Turkish Bath pavilion, occupying the foreground in the Great Pond panorama, remember about the Adrianople Peace treaty with Turkey in 1829. The pavilion was erected on the order of Emperor Nicholas I in 1850-1852 according to the design of I. Monighetti. 37.838 Rubles were required on the architect’s estimate for building according to the imperial ordered design. But the Emperor allocated only 30.000 Rubles for building and he ordered to Monighetti to “dodge”. Monighetti fulfilled the Imperial command, he gave the work order , for the specified sum, to the Italian architect Kamutstsi. The pavilion never used as a bath, it was a typical park pavilion for resting. The pavilion suitably completed Catherine’s tradition of constructing monuments of the battle glory in the Catherine Park. A peaked small tower with a crescent, remembered minaret, the main dome, the entrance like a niche-mihrab make the pavilion looking like a mosque. The dome was decorated with relief planer pattern, made of gilded copper, framing the round many-coloured windows. Inside there are many-coloured encrustations made of natural and artificial marble, stalactite pattern, bright marble mosaic with an eastern pattern, a marble basin of the fountain in the center of the hall, carved Olonets marble attracting the attention. The original details of the marble decoration of a Turkish sultaness bath, brought to the Emperor from Adrianople as trophies, were used in decorating the interior. Marble plaques with Turkish ligature signs, murmurous “fountains of tears” , placed on walls, bring Turkish motifs into the Mauritanian style of the decoration.
Persons Monighetti Ippolito Antonovich Nicholas I, Emperor
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A part of the area of the closed Wall-paper Factory with old barracks and director’s house, belonged to the Banknote Factory since 1780, was given for building the Town Council according to the Emperor’s order in 1859 ... | | A part of the area of the closed Wall-paper Factory with old barracks and director’s house, belonged to the Banknote Factory since 1780, was given for building the Town Council according to the Emperor’s order in 1859. The project of adaptation of the director’s house into the office and hall for public meetings of the Town Council with the inscription on the façade “The Tsarskoye Selo Town Council” was developed by I.A. Monighetti. The construction was directed by A.F. Vidov. In 1865 the Town Council was moved into a new building which was enlarged and overbuilt with the third floor. In 1901-1902 the building was replanned and enlarged once more to the design of A.R. Bakh. Meetings of temporary premises session of the circuit court and military presences, performances, concerts, charity lotteries were held in the Town Council hall. The assembly hall was decorated with bronze busts of owners of Tsarskoye Selo, empresses Catherine I and Catherine II, a portrait of Nicholas II completed the gallery of the emperors of the 19th century. In the anteroom there was a bust of the Governor of Tsarskoye Selo Artillery General Ya. V. Zakharzhevsky.
Persons Bach Alexander Romanovich Catherine I, Empress Catherine II, Empress Luchini Giovanni (Ivan Franzevich) Monighetti Ippolito Antonovich Nicholas II, Emperor Vidov Alexander Fomich Zakharzhevsky, Ya.V.
Addresses Naberezhnaya Street/Pushkin, town
| | | | hidden Z.I. Yusupova’s Villa. (an ensemble of the Separated Park) | |
Two first areas, laid out by A.F. Vidov in 1855 for six country plots on the Separated Park territory, were granted by Emperor Alexander II for building Princess Z.I. Yusupova’s villa ... | | Two first areas, laid out by A.F. Vidov in 1855 for six country plots on the Separated Park territory, were granted by Emperor Alexander II for building Princess Z.I. Yusupova’s villa. The villa was built for the owner’s money in 1856-1859 to the design of the architect I. Monighetti , that was partly changed during the works. The mansion, gardener’s house and the pond are survived until the present time in. Wrought iron wings of the gate on the villa’s territory from Pavlovsk Road were decorated with the monogram “Z Yu”. Later the most considerable works were done during the 1890s – 1910s, when the villa belonged to Countess Sumarokova-Elston Princess Z.N. Yusupova and was used the most actively. The architectural design of the mansion was made on motifs of Italian villas. Facades of the mansion were decorated in the Baroque style forms which remembered the decoration of the Hermitage pavilion in the Catherine Park. Placing a kitchen and rooms for servants in a wing, joining to the main house, was made like in the Babolovo Palace.
Persons Alexander II, Emperor Monighetti Ippolito Antonovich Vidov Alexander Fomich
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The construction of the Llama Pavilion designed by A. Menelaws was begun, llamas had been brought from South America. In 1860 the Llama Pavilion was rebuilt for the photography studio by I ... | The construction of the Llama Pavilion designed by A. Menelaws was begun, llamas had been brought from South America. In 1860 the Llama Pavilion was rebuilt for the photography studio by I. Monigetti
Persons Menelas Adam Adamovich Monighetti Ippolito Antonovich
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Architect I.A. Monighetti constructed the Turkish Bath pavilion in the commemoration of the Russian victory in the Russo-Turkish war of 1828-1829. 16 October ... | | Architect I.A. Monighetti constructed the Turkish Bath pavilion in the commemoration of the Russian victory in the Russo-Turkish war of 1828-1829. 16 October. Emperor Nikolai Pavlovich visited the Palace hospital reconstructed from the dilapiadated wooden building into the stone building according to the design by the architect N.S. Nikitin.
Persons Monighetti Ippolito Antonovich Nicholas I, Emperor Nikitin, N.S.
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Z.I. Yusupova's villa was constructed in Pavlovsk Road (architect ... | | | | | | | hidden | | |
Architect I. Monigetti built the building of the Town Council in Naberezhnaya Street by means of rebuilding the old auxiliary building of the Assignat Paper Factory (its present address is 14 Naberezhnaya Street) ... | | | | | | | hidden | | |
17 April. The Evangelical-Lutheran Church of the Resurrection of Christ, designed by A.F. Vidov on the place of the wooden Lutheran church built by V.P. Stasov in 1810, was consecrated. General Ya.V ... | | 17 April. The Evangelical-Lutheran Church of the Resurrection of Christ, designed by A.F. Vidov on the place of the wooden Lutheran church built by V.P. Stasov in 1810, was consecrated. General Ya.V. Zakharzhevsky, the Cief Manager of Tsarskoye Selo, died and was burried in a specially equipped crypt of the Cathedral of St. Catherine. Aide-de-camp General G.F. Gogel has been appointed the Chief Manager of Tsarskoye Selo Palace Board and took up the post until 1877. One of Sophia Town's street, led to the Sophia Cathedral parade-ground, was named after him. A secondary school, the Mariyinskaya Woman Gymnasium , was opened in the town (its present address is 17 Leontyevskaya Street). The Town Council began to work in the new building (it is the Community Centre now) rebuilt from the former auxiliary building of the Assignat Paper Factory according to the design by I.A. Monigetti.
Persons Gogel, G.F. Monighetti Ippolito Antonovich Stasov Vasily Petrovich Vidov Alexander Fomich Zakharzhevsky, Ya.V.
Addresses Leontievskaya Street/Pushkin, town, house 17
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